After examing colorectal cancer (CRC) caseloads against the distribution of dietary and lifestyle factors, scientists at Dongguk University in Korea have found that risk factors for this cancer differ by age and sex, suggesting that blanket prevention measures may not be sufficient for a healthier future.
While it’s said that genetic factors are a significant risk factor for cancer, the risk factors for CRC have been strongly linked to certain dietary and lifestyle choices.
These include smoking, increased alcohol consumption, low physical activity, and a high intake of processed meat.
While the researchers aimed to find out if modifying the globally-known CRC risk factors would apply to Korea specifically, their overall findings may be applicable to other countries also.
Published in the journal, Scientific Reports, the researchers found an increase in the CRC caseload, with a higher prevalence in men compared to women.
While most diagnosed cases were of late-onset CRC, there was a notable increase in early-onset cases among middle-aged adults (ages 30–49).
Across all sex and age groups, a decrease in exercise was a contributing factor for the increasing CRC trend.
For men, obesity and increased alcohol consumption were observed to be major risk factors.
For middle-aged women, there were significant increases in alcohol consumption, smoking, and processed meat consumption, likely contributing to the increase in early-onset cases.
“Our findings do not prove the causal effects of risk factors on increasing CRC rates, but rather provide suggestive evidence that the risk factors differ by age and sex,” explains Professor NaNa Keum from Dongguk University who led the research team.
Speaking of the implications of these findings, Professor Keum says: “Targeted public health interventions will be required to effectively reduce the CRC rate in Korea.
“A tailored approach, rather than generic lifestyle interventions, will help prioritise limited resources and induce greater compliance from people.”
To read the study, click here.
